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With the exception of South Africa, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights in Africa are very limited in comparison to many other areas of the world. Homosexuality is found throughout the African continent.〔Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, ''Encyclopedia of Africa, Volume 2'' OUP, USA, 2010〕 Out of the 55 states recognised by the United Nations or African Union or both, the International Gay and Lesbian Association stated in 2015 that homosexuality is outlawed in 34 African countries. Human Rights Watch notes that another two countries, Benin and the Central African Republic, do not outlaw homosexuality, but have certain laws which apply differently to heterosexual and homosexual individuals. Homosexual activity between adults has never been criminalised in Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Gabon, Madagascar, Mali, Niger, and Rwanda. Since 2011, some developed countries have been considering or implementing laws that limit or prohibit general budget support to countries that restrict the rights of homosexuals.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="Cameron threat to dock some UK aid to anti-gay nations", ''BBC News'', 30 October 2011 )〕 In spite of this, many African countries have refused to consider increasing LGBT rights,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="Ghana refuses to grant gays' rights despite aid threat", ''BBC News'', 2 November 2011 )〕 and in some cases have drafted laws to increase sanctions against LGBT people.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="Uganda fury at David Cameron aid threat over gay rights", ''BBC News'', 31 October 2011 )〕 Many African leaders claims that it was brought into the continent from other parts of the world. Most scholars nevertheless believe that homosexuality has long been a part of various African cultures.〔Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, ''Encyclopedia of Africa, Volume 2'' OUP, USA, 2010〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="Gambian President Says No to Aid Money Tied to Gay Rights", Voice of America, reported by Ricci Shryock, 22 April 2012 )〕 In Mauritania, Sudan and northern Nigeria, homosexuality is punishable by death. In Uganda, Tanzania, and Sierra Leone, offenders can receive life imprisonment for homosexual acts. In addition to criminalizing homosexuality, Nigeria has enacted legislation that would make it illegal for straight family members, allies and friends of the LGBT to be supportive. According to Nigerian law, a straight ally “who administers, witnesses, abets or aids” any form of gender non-conforming and homosexual activity could receive a 10-year jail sentence. South Africa's constitution has the most liberal attitudes toward gays and lesbians, with a constitution which guarantees gay and lesbian rights, and legal same-sex marriage. ==History of homosexuality in Africa== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「LGBT rights in Africa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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